Nhamba dzeRoma kubva 1 kusvika 1000

Parizvino vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa iyo system ye Nhamba dzeArabic zvekuve nyore. Kunyangwe mune dzimwe nguva zvaive zvakasiyana. Makore mazhinji apfuura Humambo hweRoma yakatonga nzvimbo huru kwemazana emakore akawanda. Nekugona kwake kukuru akaparadzira huzivi uye ruzivo kwese kwese, achizivisa Nhamba dzeRoma. 

iyo colosseum yehumambo hweRoma

Muchirongwa ichi tinovavarira kukudzidzisa iwe iyi manhamba sisitimu, iyo ichiri kushandiswa mune zvimwe zvinhu (semumafirimu: Nyeredzi hondo IV, V, VI), uye zvitsanangure kwauri kuti iwe ugone kuzvidzidza zviri nyore. Chekutanga pane zvese, kana iwe uchitoziva iyo dzidziso uye zvauri kuda kushandisa shanduri, unogona kushandisa iyi kubva apa:

Roman Numeri Muturikiri (Shanduri)

Mhedzisiro: Mhedzisiro:

Ndeapi manhamba echiRoma?

Manhamba evaRoma haanyanyo shandiswa manhamba nhasi. Ivo vakagadzirwa mavara makuru kumiririra manhamba. Kubatanidzwa kwetsamba idzi kunowedzerwa kana kubviswa kuti zvipe nzira kune imwe nhamba. Tsamba dzese dzakashandiswa ndedzinotevera:

  • Ini = 1
  • V=5
  • X = 10
  • L=50
  • C = zana
  • D = mazana mashanu
  • M = 1000

Semuenzaniso, iyo nhamba 1 inomiririrwa ne tsamba ini ", uye iwo maviri achishandisa huwandu hwe 2 "II". Kana izvi zvakaenzana zvanzwisiswa, pazasi isu ticha tsanangura maitiro ekunyora manhamba echiRoma.

Nhamba dzeRoma dzinonyorwa sei?

Kunyora manhamba echiRoma iwe unofanirwa kugona kuwedzera uye kubvisa. Zvimwe zvinhu zvese zviri nyore mitemo yatichakuratidza. Kutanga unofanira kuziva izvozvo panogona kunge pasina anopfuura matatu mavara akaenzana akateedzana.

Kana mavara maviri akaenzana, kana rekutanga rakakura kupfuura rechipiri, Wedzera, zvikasadaro (apo tsamba yekutanga iri pasi pechipiri), vanobviswa. Somuenzaniso:

  • Ini = 1
  • II = 1 + 1 = 2
  • II = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
  • VII = 5 + 1 +1 = 7
  • IV = 5 - 1 = 4
  • IX = 10 - 1 = 9
  • XIX = 10 + 10 - 1 = 19

Kana iwe uchida kushandisa nhamba yakaenzana kana kana yakakura kupfuura zviuru zvina, uchafanirwa kuisa tambo, inonzi vincum, pamusoro pemavara. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nhamba iri kuwedzerwa ne1 000. Semuenzaniso, iyo 4.000 muzviverengero zveRoma inomiririrwa seizvi:

4000 muzviverengero zveRoma

Nhamba yacho 10.000 inomiririrwa seizvi:

10000 mukati maNumerals echiRoma

Uye pakupedzisira, imwe inogona kuve yakaoma, iyo 50.000 muzviverengero zveRoma yakanyorwa seinotevera:

50000 mumatare echiroma

Munguva yakapfuura, huwandu hwakakura kwazvo hwaisadikanwa, senge mamirioni. Uye vaRoma havana kuita hanya nazvo. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvinokwanisika kuzvinyora nekuisa mutsetse pazasi uye pamusoro petsamba. Mupfungwa iyoyo, kana isu taida kureva zviuru zvishanu, taizoshandisa fomati:

5 mamirioni muzviverengero zveRoma

Iyo nhamba 5 (V) uye yakawanda yayo, 50 uye 500 (L, D), hazvigone kushandiswa kubvisa. Hazvina kunaka kunyora «VC» kureva iyo nhamba 95.

Fomu chairo nderekuti: XCV.

Chinyorwa chemanhamba echiRoma

Sezvo iwe uine pfungwa yekunyora manhamba echiRoma, zviri nyore kuti iwe uone rwakazara runyorwa neiyo manhamba kubva 1 kusvika 1000, uye imwe nhevedzano yenhamba dzakakwira. Nenzira iyi iwe uchave unojairana navo uye uchakwanisa kuvanzwisisa zviri nani.

kubva 1 kusvika 50

Nhamba Nhamba yeRoma
1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX
10 X
11 XI
12 XII
13 XIII
14 XIV
15 XV
16 XVI
17 XVII
18 XVIII
19 XIX
20 XX
21 XXI
22 XXII
23 XXIII
24 XXIV
25 XXV
26 XXVI
27 XXVII
28 XXVIII
29 XXIX
30 XXX
31 XXXI
32 XXXII
33 XXXIII
34 XXXIV
35 XXXV
36 XXXVI
37 XXXVII
38 XXXVIII
39 XXXIX
40 XL
41 XLI
42 XLII
43 XLIII
44 XLIV
45 XLV
46 XLVI
47 XLVII
48 XLVIII
49 XLIX
50 L

kubva 1 kusvika 100

Nhamba Nhamba yeRoma
1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX
10 X
11 XI
12 XII
13 XIII
14 XIV
15 XV
16 XVI
17 XVII
18 XVIII
19 XIX
20 XX
21 XXI
22 XXII
23 XXIII
24 XXIV
25 XXV
26 XXVI
27 XXVII
28 XXVIII
29 XXIX
30 XXX
31 XXXI
32 XXXII
33 XXXIII
34 XXXIV
35 XXXV
36 XXXVI
37 XXXVII
38 XXXVIII
39 XXXIX
40 XL
41 XLI
42 XLII
43 XLIII
44 XLIV
45 XLV
46 XLVI
47 XLVII
48 XLVIII
49 XLIX
50 L
51 LI
52 LII
53 LIII
54 LIV
55 LV
56 LVI
57 LVII
58 LVIII
59 LIX
60 LX
61 LXI
62 LXII
63 LXIII
64 LXIV
65 LXV
66 LXVI
67 LXVII
68 LXVIII
69 LXIX
70 LXX
71 LXXI
72 LXXII
73 LXXIII
74 LXXIV
75 LXXV
76 LXXVI
77 LXXVII
78 LXXVIII
79 LXXIX
80 LXXX
81 LXXXI
82 LXXXII
83 LXXXIII
84 LXXXIV
85 LXXXV
86 LXXXVI
87 LXXVII
88 LXXXVIII
89 LXXXIX
90 XC
91 XCI
92 XII
93 Xciii
94 Xciv
95 XCV
96 XCVI
97 XVII
98 XCVIII
99 XCIX
100 C

kubva 1 kusvika 500

Nhamba Nhamba yeRoma
1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX
10 X
11 XI
12 XII
13 XIII
14 XIV
15 XV
16 XVI
17 XVII
18 XVIII
19 XIX
20 XX
21 XXI
22 XXII
23 XXIII
24 XXIV
25 XXV
26 XXVI
27 XXVII
28 XXVIII
29 XXIX
30 XXX
31 XXXI
32 XXXII
33 XXXIII
34 XXXIV
35 XXXV
36 XXXVI
37 XXXVII
38 XXXVIII
39 XXXIX
40 XL
41 XLI
42 XLII
43 XLIII
44 XLIV
45 XLV
46 XLVI
47 XLVII
48 XLVIII
49 XLIX
50 L
51 LI
52 LII
53 LIII
54 LIV
55 LV
56 LVI
57 LVII
58 LVIII
59 LIX
60 LX
61 LXI
62 LXII
63 LXIII
64 LXIV
65 LXV
66 LXVI
67 LXVII
68 LXVIII
69 LXIX
70 LXX
71 LXXI
72 LXXII
73 LXXIII
74 LXXIV
75 LXXV
76 LXXVI
77 LXXVII
78 LXXVIII
79 LXXIX
80 LXXX
81 LXXXI
82 LXXXII
83 LXXXIII
84 LXXXIV
85 LXXXV
86 LXXXVI
87 LXXVII
88 LXXXVIII
89 LXXXIX
90 XC
91 XCI
92 XII
93 Xciii
94 Xciv
95 XCV
96 XCVI
97 XVII
98 XCVIII
99 XCIX
100 C
101 CI
102 CII
103 III
104 VIC
105 CV
106 IVC
107 CVII
108 CVIII
109 CIX
110 CX
111 CXI
112 CXII
113 CXIII
114 cxiv
115 CXV
116 CXVI
117 CXVII
118 CXVIII
119 CIX
120 CXX
121 CXXI
122 CXXII
123 CXXIII
124 CXXIV
125 CXXV
126 CXXVI
127 CXXVII
128 CXXVIII
129 CXXIX
130 CXXX
131 CXXXI
132 CXXXII
133 CXXXIII
134 CXXXIV
135 CXXXV
136 CXXXVI
137 CXXXVII
138 CXXXVIII
139 CXXXIX
140 CXL
141 CXLI
142 CXLII
143 CXLIII
144 CXLIV
145 CXLV
146 CXLVI
147 CXLVII
148 CXLVIII
149 CXLIX
150 CL
151 CLI
152 CL II
153 CLIIII
154 CLIV
155 CLV
156 LCVI
157 CLVII
158 CLVIII
159 CLIX
160 CLX
161 CLXII
162 CLXII
163 CLXIII
164 CLXIV
165 CLXV
166 CLXVI
167 CLXVII
168 CLXVIII
169 CLXIX
170 CLXX
171 CLXXI
172 CLXXII
173 CLXXIII
174 CLXXIV
175 CLXXV
176 CLXXVI
177 CLXXVII
178 CLXXVIII
179 CLXXIX
180 CLXXX
181 CLXXXI
182 CLXXXII
183 CLXXXIII
184 CLXXXIV
185 CLXXXV
186 CLXXXVI
187 CLXXXVII
188 CLXXXVIII
189 CLXXIX
190 CXC
191 CXCI
192 CXCII
193 CXCIII
194 CXCIV
195 CXCV
196 CXCVI
197 CXCVII
198 CXCVIII
199 CXCIX
200 CC
201 CCI
202 IICC
203 CCIII
204 CCVI
205 LCC
206 CCVI
207 CCVII
208 CCVIII
209 CCIX
210 CCX
211 CCXII
212 CCXII
213 CCXIII
214 CCXIV
215 CCXV
216 CCXVI
217 CCXVII
218 CCXVIII
219 CXXIX
220 CCXX
221 CCXXI
222 CCXXII
223 CCXXIII
224 CCXXIV
225 CCXXV
226 CCXXVI
227 CCXXVII
228 CCXXVIII
229 CCXXIX
230 CCXXX
231 CCXXXI
232 CCXXXII
233 CCXXXIII
234 CCXXXIV
235 CCXXXV
236 CCXXXVI
237 CCXXXVII
238 CCXXXVIII
239 CCXXXIX
240 CCXL
241 CCXLI
242 CXXLII
243 CCXLIII
244 CCXLIV
245 CCXLV
246 CCXLVI
247 CCXLVII
248 CCXLVIII
249 CCXLIX
250 CCL
251 CCLI
252 CCII
253 CCIII
254 CCLIV
255 CCLV
256 CCLVI
257 CCLVII
258 CCLVIII
259 CCLIX
260 CCLX
261 CCLXII
262 CCLXII
263 CCLXIII
264 CCLXIV
265 CCLXV
266 CCLXVI
267 CCLXVII
268 CCLXVIII
269 CCLXIX
270 CCLXX
271 CCLXXI
272 CCLXXII
273 CCL XXIII
274 CCXXIV
275 CCLXXV
276 CCLXXVI
277 CCLXXVII
278 CCLXXVIII
279 CCXXIX
280 CCLXXX
281 CCLVXXI
282 CCLXXXII
283 CCLXXXIII
284 CCLXXXIV
285 CCLVXXV
286 CCLXXXVI
287 CCLXXXVII
288 CCLXXXVIII
289 CCLXXXIX
290 CCXC
291 CCXCI
292 CCXCII
293 CCXCIII
294 CCXCIV
295 CCXCV
296 CCXCVI
297 CCXCVII
298 CCXCVIII
299 CCXCIX
300 CCC
301 CCCI
302 CCII
303 CCIII
304 CCCIV
305 CC CV
306 CCCVI
307 CCCV II
308 CCCVIII
309 CCCIX
310 CCCC
311 CCXI
312 CCXII
313 CCXIII
314 CCXIV
315 CCXV
316 CCCXVI
317 CCCXVII
318 CCCXVIII
319 CCXIX
320 CCXX
321 CCXXI
322 CCXXII
323 CCXXIII
324 CCXXIV
325 CCCXXV
326 CCCXXVI
327 CCCXXVII
328 CCCXXXVIII
329 CCXXIX
330 CCXXX
331 CCCXXXI
332 CCXXXII
333 CCCXXXIII
334 CCXXXIV
335 CCXXXV
336 CCXXXVI
337 CCXXXVII
338 CCXXXVIII
339 CCXXXIX
340 CCXL
341 CCXLI
342 CXXLII
343 CCXLIII
344 CCXLIV
345 CCXLV
346 CCCXLVI
347 CCXLVII
348 CCXLVIII
349 CCXLIX
350 CCCL
351 CCCLI
352 CCCL II
353 CCCL III
354 CCCL IV
355 CCCLV
356 CCCLVI
357 CCLVII
358 CCCLVIII
359 CCCLIX
360 CCCLX
361 CCCLXI
362 CCCLXII
363 CCCLXIII
364 CCCLXIV
365 CCCLXV
366 CCCLXVI
367 CCCLXVII
368 CCCLXVIII
369 CCCLXIX
370 CCCLXX
371 CCCLXXI
372 CCCLXXII
373 CCCLXXIII
374 CCCLXXIV
375 CCCLXXV
376 CCCLXXVI
377 CCCLXXVII
378 CCCLXXVIII
379 CCCLXXIX
380 CCCLXXX
381 CCCLXXXI
382 CCCLXXXII
383 CCCLXXIII
384 CCCLXXXIV
385 CCCLXXXV
386 CCCLXXVI
387 CCCLXXVII
388 CCCLXXVIII
389 CCCLXXXIX
390 CCCXC
391 CCCXCI
392 CCCXCII
393 CCCXCIII
394 CCCXCIV
395 CCCXCV
396 CCCXCVI
397 CCCXCVII
398 CCCXCVIII
399 CCCXCIX
400 CD
401 CDI
402 ICD
403 CD III
404 IVCD
405 CDV
406 CDVI
407 CDVII
408 CDVIII
409 CDIX
410 CDX
411 CDXI
412 CDXII
413 CDXIII
414 CDXIV
415 CDXV
416 CDXVI
417 CDXVII
418 CDXVIII
419 CDXIX
420 CDXX
421 CDXXI
422 CDXXII
423 CDXXIII
424 CDXXIV
425 CDXXV
426 CDXXVI
427 CDXXVII
428 CDXXVIII
429 CDXXIX
430 CDXXX
431 CDXXXI
432 CDXXXII
433 CDXXXIII
434 CDXXXIV
435 CDXXXV
436 CDXXXVI
437 CDXXXVII
438 CDXXXVIII
439 CDXXXIX
440 CDXL
441 CDXLI
442 CDXLII
443 CDXLIII
444 CDXLIV
445 CDXLV
446 CDXLVI
447 CDXLVII
448 CDXLVIII
449 CDXLIX
450 CDL
451 CDLI
452 CDLII
453 CDLIIII
454 CDLIV
455 CDLV
456 CDLVI
457 CDLVII
458 CDLVIII
459 CDLIX
460 CDX
461 CDXI
462 CDLXII
463 CDXIII
464 CDLXIV
465 CDXV
466 CDLXVI
467 CDLXVII
468 CDLXVIII
469 CDXIX
470 CDLXX
471 CDLXXI
472 CDLXXII
473 CDLXXIII
474 CDLXXIV
475 CDXV
476 CDLXXVI
477 CDLXVII
478 CDLXXVIII
479 CDLXXIX
480 CDLXXX
481 CDLXXXI
482 CDLXXXII
483 CDLXXXIII
484 CDLXXXIV
485 CDLXXXV
486 CDLXXXVI
487 CDLXXXVII
488 CDLXXXVIII
489 CDLXXXIX
490 CDXC
491 CDXCI
492 CDXCII
493 CDXCIII
494 CDXCIV
495 CDXCV
496 CDXCVI
497 CDXCVII
498 CDXCVIII
499 CDXCIX
500 D

kubva 1 kusvika 1000

Nhamba Nhamba yeRoma
1 I
2 II
3 III
4 IV
5 V
6 VI
7 VII
8 VIII
9 IX
10 X
11 XI
12 XII
13 XIII
14 XIV
15 XV
16 XVI
17 XVII
18 XVIII
19 XIX
20 XX
21 XXI
22 XXII
23 XXIII
24 XXIV
25 XXV
26 XXVI
27 XXVII
28 XXVIII
29 XXIX
30 XXX
31 XXXI
32 XXXII
33 XXXIII
34 XXXIV
35 XXXV
36 XXXVI
37 XXXVII
38 XXXVIII
39 XXXIX
40 XL
41 XLI
42 XLII
43 XLIII
44 XLIV
45 XLV
46 XLVI
47 XLVII
48 XLVIII
49 XLIX
50 L
51 LI
52 LII
53 LIII
54 LIV
55 LV
56 LVI
57 LVII
58 LVIII
59 LIX
60 LX
61 LXI
62 LXII
63 LXIII
64 LXIV
65 LXV
66 LXVI
67 LXVII
68 LXVIII
69 LXIX
70 LXX
71 LXXI
72 LXXII
73 LXXIII
74 LXXIV
75 LXXV
76 LXXVI
77 LXXVII
78 LXXVIII
79 LXXIX
80 LXXX
81 LXXXI
82 LXXXII
83 LXXXIII
84 LXXXIV
85 LXXXV
86 LXXXVI
87 LXXVII
88 LXXXVIII
89 LXXXIX
90 XC
91 XCI
92 XII
93 Xciii
94 Xciv
95 XCV
96 XCVI
97 XVII
98 XCVIII
99 XCIX
100 C
101 CI
102 CII
103 III
104 VIC
105 CV
106 IVC
107 CVII
108 CVIII
109 CIX
110 CX
111 CXI
112 CXII
113 CXIII
114 cxiv
115 CXV
116 CXVI
117 CXVII
118 CXVIII
119 CIX
120 CXX
121 CXXI
122 CXXII
123 CXXIII
124 CXXIV
125 CXXV
126 CXXVI
127 CXXVII
128 CXXVIII
129 CXXIX
130 CXXX
131 CXXXI
132 CXXXII
133 CXXXIII
134 CXXXIV
135 CXXXV
136 CXXXVI
137 CXXXVII
138 CXXXVIII
139 CXXXIX
140 CXL
141 CXLI
142 CXLII
143 CXLIII
144 CXLIV
145 CXLV
146 CXLVI
147 CXLVII
148 CXLVIII
149 CXLIX
150 CL
151 CLI
152 CL II
153 CLIIII
154 CLIV
155 CLV
156 LCVI
157 CLVII
158 CLVIII
159 CLIX
160 CLX
161 CLXII
162 CLXII
163 CLXIII
164 CLXIV
165 CLXV
166 CLXVI
167 CLXVII
168 CLXVIII
169 CLXIX
170 CLXX
171 CLXXI
172 CLXXII
173 CLXXIII
174 CLXXIV
175 CLXXV
176 CLXXVI
177 CLXXVII
178 CLXXVIII
179 CLXXIX
180 CLXXX
181 CLXXXI
182 CLXXXII
183 CLXXXIII
184 CLXXXIV
185 CLXXXV
186 CLXXXVI
187 CLXXXVII
188 CLXXXVIII
189 CLXXIX
190 CXC
191 CXCI
192 CXCII
193 CXCIII
194 CXCIV
195 CXCV
196 CXCVI
197 CXCVII
198 CXCVIII
199 CXCIX
200 CC
201 CCI
202 IICC
203 CCIII
204 CCVI
205 LCC
206 CCVI
207 CCVII
208 CCVIII
209 CCIX
210 CCX
211 CCXII
212 CCXII
213 CCXIII
214 CCXIV
215 CCXV
216 CCXVI
217 CCXVII
218 CCXVIII
219 CXXIX
220 CCXX
221 CCXXI
222 CCXXII
223 CCXXIII
224 CCXXIV
225 CCXXV
226 CCXXVI
227 CCXXVII
228 CCXXVIII
229 CCXXIX
230 CCXXX
231 CCXXXI
232 CCXXXII
233 CCXXXIII
234 CCXXXIV
235 CCXXXV
236 CCXXXVI
237 CCXXXVII
238 CCXXXVIII
239 CCXXXIX
240 CCXL
241 CCXLI
242 CXXLII
243 CCXLIII
244 CCXLIV
245 CCXLV
246 CCXLVI
247 CCXLVII
248 CCXLVIII
249 CCXLIX
250 CCL
251 CCLI
252 CCII
253 CCIII
254 CCLIV
255 CCLV
256 CCLVI
257 CCLVII
258 CCLVIII
259 CCLIX
260 CCLX
261 CCLXII
262 CCLXII
263 CCLXIII
264 CCLXIV
265 CCLXV
266 CCLXVI
267 CCLXVII
268 CCLXVIII
269 CCLXIX
270 CCLXX
271 CCLXXI
272 CCLXXII
273 CCL XXIII
274 CCXXIV
275 CCLXXV
276 CCLXXVI
277 CCLXXVII
278 CCLXXVIII
279 CCXXIX
280 CCLXXX
281 CCLVXXI
282 CCLXXXII
283 CCLXXXIII
284 CCLXXXIV
285 CCLVXXV
286 CCLXXXVI
287 CCLXXXVII
288 CCLXXXVIII
289 CCLXXXIX
290 CCXC
291 CCXCI
292 CCXCII
293 CCXCIII
294 CCXCIV
295 CCXCV
296 CCXCVI
297 CCXCVII
298 CCXCVIII
299 CCXCIX
300 CCC
301 CCCI
302 CCII
303 CCIII
304 CCCIV
305 CC CV
306 CCCVI
307 CCCV II
308 CCCVIII
309 CCCIX
310 CCCC
311 CCXI
312 CCXII
313 CCXIII
314 CCXIV
315 CCXV
316 CCCXVI
317 CCCXVII
318 CCCXVIII
319 CCXIX
320 CCXX
321 CCXXI
322 CCXXII
323 CCXXIII
324 CCXXIV
325 CCCXXV
326 CCCXXVI
327 CCCXXVII
328 CCCXXXVIII
329 CCXXIX
330 CCXXX
331 CCCXXXI
332 CCXXXII
333 CCCXXXIII
334 CCXXXIV
335 CCXXXV
336 CCXXXVI
337 CCXXXVII
338 CCXXXVIII
339 CCXXXIX
340 CCXL
341 CCXLI
342 CXXLII
343 CCXLIII
344 CCXLIV
345 CCXLV
346 CCCXLVI
347 CCXLVII
348 CCXLVIII
349 CCXLIX
350 CCCL
351 CCCLI
352 CCCL II
353 CCCL III
354 CCCL IV
355 CCCLV
356 CCCLVI
357 CCLVII
358 CCCLVIII
359 CCCLIX
360 CCCLX
361 CCCLXI
362 CCCLXII
363 CCCLXIII
364 CCCLXIV
365 CCCLXV
366 CCCLXVI
367 CCCLXVII
368 CCCLXVIII
369 CCCLXIX
370 CCCLXX
371 CCCLXXI
372 CCCLXXII
373 CCCLXXIII
374 CCCLXXIV
375 CCCLXXV
376 CCCLXXVI
377 CCCLXXVII
378 CCCLXXVIII
379 CCCLXXIX
380 CCCLXXX
381 CCCLXXXI
382 CCCLXXXII
383 CCCLXXIII
384 CCCLXXXIV
385 CCCLXXXV
386 CCCLXXVI
387 CCCLXXVII
388 CCCLXXVIII
389 CCCLXXXIX
390 CCCXC
391 CCCXCI
392 CCCXCII
393 CCCXCIII
394 CCCXCIV
395 CCCXCV
396 CCCXCVI
397 CCCXCVII
398 CCCXCVIII
399 CCCXCIX
400 CD
401 CDI
402 ICD
403 CD III
404 IVCD
405 CDV
406 CDVI
407 CDVII
408 CDVIII
409 CDIX
410 CDX
411 CDXI
412 CDXII
413 CDXIII
414 CDXIV
415 CDXV
416 CDXVI
417 CDXVII
418 CDXVIII
419 CDXIX
420 CDXX
421 CDXXI
422 CDXXII
423 CDXXIII
424 CDXXIV
425 CDXXV
426 CDXXVI
427 CDXXVII
428 CDXXVIII
429 CDXXIX
430 CDXXX
431 CDXXXI
432 CDXXXII
433 CDXXXIII
434 CDXXXIV
435 CDXXXV
436 CDXXXVI
437 CDXXXVII
438 CDXXXVIII
439 CDXXXIX
440 CDXL
441 CDXLI
442 CDXLII
443 CDXLIII
444 CDXLIV
445 CDXLV
446 CDXLVI
447 CDXLVII
448 CDXLVIII
449 CDXLIX
450 CDL
451 CDLI
452 CDLII
453 CDLIIII
454 CDLIV
455 CDLV
456 CDLVI
457 CDLVII
458 CDLVIII
459 CDLIX
460 CDX
461 CDXI
462 CDLXII
463 CDXIII
464 CDLXIV
465 CDXV
466 CDLXVI
467 CDLXVII
468 CDLXVIII
469 CDXIX
470 CDLXX
471 CDLXXI
472 CDLXXII
473 CDLXXIII
474 CDLXXIV
475 CDXV
476 CDLXXVI
477 CDLXVII
478 CDLXXVIII
479 CDLXXIX
480 CDLXXX
481 CDLXXXI
482 CDLXXXII
483 CDLXXXIII
484 CDLXXXIV
485 CDLXXXV
486 CDLXXXVI
487 CDLXXXVII
488 CDLXXXVIII
489 CDLXXXIX
490 CDXC
491 CDXCI
492 CDXCII
493 CDXCIII
494 CDXCIV
495 CDXCV
496 CDXCVI
497 CDXCVII
498 CDXCVIII
499 CDXCIX
500 D
501 DI
502 II
503 III
504 DIV
505 DV
506 DVI
507 IVD
508 DVIII
509 DIX
510 DX
511 DXI
512 DXII
513 DXIII
514 DXIV
515 DXV
516 DXVI
517 DXVII
518 DXVIII
519 DXIX
520 DXX
521 DXXI
522 DXXII
523 DXXIII
524 DXXIV
525 DXXV
526 DXXVI
527 DXXVII
528 DXXVIII
529 DXXIX
530 DXXX
531 DXXXI
532 DXXXII
533 DXXXIII
534 DXXXIV
535 DXXXIV
536 DXXXVI
537 DXXXVII
538 DXXXVIII
539 DXXXIX
540 DXL
541 DXLI
542 DXLII
543 DXLIII
544 DXL IV
545 DXLV
546 DXLVI
547 DXLVII
548 DXLVIII
549 DXLIX
550 DL
551 DLI
552 DL II
553 DL III
554 DIV
555 DLV:
556 LVLD
557 DLVII
558 DLVIII
559 DLIX
560 DLX
561 DLXI
562 DLXII
563 DLXIII
564 DLXIV
565 DXV
566 DLXVI
567 DLXVII
568 DLXVIII
569 dlxix
570 DLXX
571 DLXXI
572 DLXXII
573 DL XXIII
574 DLXXIV
575 DLXXV
576 DLXXVI
577 DLXXVII
578 DLXXVIII
579 DLXXIX
580 DLXXX
581 DLXXXI
582 DLXXXII
583 DLXXXIII
584 DLXXXIV
585 DLXXXV
586 DLXXXVI
587 DLXXXVII
588 DLXXXVIII
589 DLXXXIX
590 DXC
591 DXCI
592 DXCII
593 DXCIII
594 DXCIV
595 DXCV
596 DXCVI
597 DXCVII
598 DXCVIII
599 DXCIX
600 DC
601 DCI
602 DCII
603 DC III
604 IVCD
605 CVD
606 DCVI
607 DCVII
608 ADVIII
609 DCIX
610 DCX
611 DCXI
612 DCXII
613 ADXIII
614 DCXIV
615 AD XV
616 ADXVI
617 ADXVII
618 ADXVIII
619 ADXIX
620 DCXX
621 DCXXI
622 ADXXII
623 AD XXIII
624 DCXXIV
625 DCXXV
626 DCXXVI
627 ADXXVII
628 ADXXVIII
629 DCXXIX
630 DCXXX
631 DCXXXI
632 DCXXXII
633 DCXXXIII
634 DCXXXIV
635 DCXXXV
636 DCXXXVI
637 DCXXXVII
638 ADXXXVIII
639 DCXXXIX
640 DCXL
641 DCXLI
642 DCXLII
643 DCXLIII
644 DCXLIV
645 DCXLV
646 DCXLVI
647 DCXLVII
648 DCXLVIII
649 DCXLIX
650 DCL
651 DCLI
652 DCLII
653 DCL III
654 DCLIV
655 DCLV
656 DLVI
657 DCLVII
658 DCVIII
659 DCLIX
660 DCX
661 DCXI
662 DCXII
663 DCXIII
664 DCXIV
665 DCLXV
666 DCXVI
667 DCXVII
668 DCXVIII
669 DCXIX
670 DCX
671 DCLXXI
672 DCLXXII
673 DCLXXIII
674 DCLXXIV
675 DCLXXV
676 DCLXXVI
677 DCLXXVII
678 DCLXXVIII
679 DCLXXIX
680 DCLXXX
681 DCLXXXI
682 DCLXXXII
683 DCLXXXIII
684 DCLXXXIV
685 DCLXXXV
686 DCLXXXVI
687 DCLXXXVII
688 DCLXXXVIII
689 DCLXXXIX
690 DCXC
691 DCXCI
692 DCXCII
693 DCXCIII
694 DCXCIV
695 DCXCV
696 DCXCVI
697 DCXCVII
698 DCXCVIII
699 DCXCIX
700 DCC
701 DCCI
702 DCCII
703 DCC III
704 DCCIV
705 DCCV
706 DCCVI
707 DCCV II
708 DCCVIII
709 DCCIX
710 DCCX
711 DCXI
712 DCC XII
713 DCXIII
714 DCCXIV
715 DCXV
716 DCCXVI
717 DCCXVII
718 DCCXVIII
719 DCCXIX
720 DCCXX
721 DCCXXI
722 DCCXXII
723 DCC XXIII
724 DCC XXIV
725 DCCXXV
726 DCCXXVI
727 DCCXXVII
728 DCCXXVIII
729 DCCXXIX
730 DCCXXX
731 DCCXXXI
732 DCCXXXII
733 DCCXXXIII
734 DCCXXXIV
735 DCCXXXV
736 DCCXXXVI
737 DCCXXXVII
738 DCCXXXVIII
739 DCCXXXIX
740 DCXL
741 DCCXLI
742 DCCXLII
743 DCCXLIII
744 DCCXLIV
745 DCCXLV
746 DCCXLVI
747 DCCXLVII
748 DCCXLVIII
749 DCCXLIX
750 DCCL
751 DCCLI
752 DCCL II
753 DCCL III
754 DCCL IV
755 DCCLV
756 DCCLVI
757 DCCLVII
758 DCCLVIII
759 DCCLIX
760 DCCLX
761 DCCLXI
762 DCCLXII
763 DCCLXIII
764 DCCLXIV
765 DCCLXV
766 DCCLXVI
767 DCCLXVII
768 DCCLXVIII
769 DCCLXXIX
770 DCCLXX
771 DCCLXXI
772 DCCLXXII
773 DCCLXXIII
774 DCCLXXIV
775 DCCLXXV
776 DCCLXXVI
777 DCCLXXVII
778 DCCLXXVIII
779 DCCLXXIX
780 DCCLXXX
781 DCCLXXXI
782 DCCLXXXII
783 DCCLXXXIII
784 DCCLXXXIV
785 DCCLXXXV
786 DCCLXXXVI
787 DCCLXXXVII
788 DCCLXXXVIII
789 DCCLXXXIX
790 DCCXC
791 DCCXCI
792 DCXCII
793 DCXCIII
794 DCCXCIV
795 DCCXCV
796 Nhoroondo ye DCCXCVI
797 DCCXCVII
798 DCCXCVIII
799 DCXCIX
800 DCCC
801 DCCCI
802 DCCC II
803 DCCC III
804 DCCC IV
805 DCCCV
806 DCCCV
807 DCCCVII
808 DCCVIII
809 DCCCIX
810 DCCCX
811 DCCCXI
812 DCCCXII
813 DCCCXIII
814 DCCCXIV
815 DCCCXV
816 DCCCXVI
817 DCCCXVII
818 DCCCXVIII
819 DCCCXIX
820 DCCCXX
821 DCCCXXI
822 DCCCXXII
823 DCCC XXIII
824 DCCCXXIV
825 DCCCXXV
826 DCCCXXVI
827 DCCCXXVII
828 DCCCXXVIII
829 DCCCXXIX
830 DCCCXXX
831 DCCCXXXI
832 DCCCXXXII
833 DCCCXXXIII
834 DCCCXXXIV
835 DCCCXXXV
836 DCCCXXXVI
837 DCCCXXXVII
838 DCCCXXXVIII
839 DCCCXXXIX
840 DCCCXL
841 DCCCXLI
842 DCCCXLII
843 DCCCXLIII
844 DCCCXLIV
845 DCCCXLV
846 DCCCXLVI
847 DCCCXLVII
848 DCCCXLVIII
849 DCCCXLIX
850 DCCCL
851 DCCCLI
852 DCCCLII
853 DCCCL III
854 DCCCLIV
855 DCCCLV
856 DCCCLVI
857 DCCCLVII
858 DCCCLVIII
859 DCCCLIX
860 DCCCLX
861 DCCCLXI
862 DCCCLXII
863 DCCCLXIII
864 DCCCLXIV
865 DCCCLXV
866 DCCCLXVI
867 DCCCLXVII
868 DCCCLXVIII
869 DCCCLXIX
870 DCCCLX
871 DCCCLXXI
872 DCCCLXXII
873 DCCCLXXIII
874 DCCCLXIV
875 DCCCLXXV
876 DCCCLXXVI
877 DCCCLXXVII
878 DCCCLXXVIII
879 DCCCLXXIX
880 DCCCLXXX
881 DCCLXXXI
882 DCCCLXXXII
883 DCCCLXXXIII
884 DCCCLXXXIV
885 DCCCLXXXV
886 DCCCLXXXVI
887 DCCCLXXXVII
888 DCCCLXXXVIII
889 DCCCLXXXIX
890 DCCCXC
891 DCCCXCI
892 DCCCXCII
893 DCCCXCIII
894 DCCCXCIV
895 DCCCXCV
896 DCCCXCVI
897 DCCCXCVII
898 DCCCXCVIII
899 DCCCXCIX
900 CM
901 CMI
902 CMII
903 CM III
904 IVMC
905 CMV
906 CMVI
907 CMVII
908 CMVIII
909 CMIX
910 CMX
911 CMXI
912 CMX II
913 CMXIII
914 CMX IV
915 CMXV
916 CMXVI
917 CMXVII
918 CMXVIII
919 CMXIX
920 CMXX
921 CXXI
922 CMXXII
923 CMXXIII
924 CMXXIV
925 CMXXV
926 CMXXVI
927 CMXXVII
928 CMXXVIII
929 CMXXIX
930 CMXXX
931 CMXXXI
932 CMXXXII
933 CMXXXIII
934 CMXXXIV
935 CMXXXV
936 CMXXXVI
937 CMXXXXVII
938 CMXXXVIII
939 CMXXXIX
940 CMXL
941 CMXLI
942 CMXLII
943 CMXLIII
944 CMXLIV
945 CMXLV
946 CMXLVI
947 CMXLVII
948 CMXLVIII
949 CMXLIX
950 CML
951 LCMC
952 CML II
953 CML III
954 CMLIV
955 VMCS
956 CMLVI
957 CMLVII
958 CMLVIII
959 CMLIX
960 CMLX
961 CMLXI
962 CMLXII
963 CMLXIII
964 CMLXIV
965 CMLXV
966 CMLXVI
967 CMLXVII
968 CMLXVIII
969 CMLXIX
970 CMLXX
971 CMLXXI
972 CMLXXII
973 CMLXXIII
974 CMLXXIV
975 CMLXXV
976 CMLXXVI
977 CMLXXVII
978 CMLXXVIII
979 CMLXXIX
980 CMLXXX
981 CMLXXXI
982 CMLXXXII
983 CMLXXXIII
984 CMLXXXIV
985 CMLXXXV
986 CMLXXXVI
987 CMLXXXXVII
988 CMLXXXVIII
989 CMLXXXIX
990 CMXC
991 CMXCI
992 CMXCII
993 CMXCIII
994 CMXCIV
995 CMXCV
996 CMXCVI
997 CMXCVII
998 CMXCVIII
999 CMXCIX
1000 M

kubva 1 000 zvichienda mberi

Mumazita apfuura tasvika panhamba chiuru, inomiririrwa naM. Pazasi tinopa dzimwe nhamba dzakakwira dzinogona kukufadza.

  • 1: M
  • 1: MVII
  • 1: MLXXV
  • 2: M
  • 2: MMXIX
  • 3: MMM
  • 3 823: MMMDCCCXXIII
  • 3 901: MMMCMI
  • 4: IVI
  • 5: VCMLIV

Isu tinoisa zvisina kujairika manhamba nekuti isu tinofunga kuti kuverenga iwo ese angave zvisina basa uye hazvina basa.  Vacherechedze uye uone chiri chimiro chatinoshandisa kunyora kwavari, uye zvirinani, huya neimwe nzira yekumiririra iyo yakafanana nhamba. Ipapo isu tichazokuudza iwe nei vanogona kungonyorwa kudaro. Ruzivo irworwo runokubatsira zvakanyanya.

Mitemo yechiRoma

Sezvinobvumwa, mashandiro eesvomhu ane manhamba echiRoma anombonyengera, muchokwadi icho chimwe cheicho zvikonzero nei iyi nhamba yekuverenga yakarasa kushandiswa. Nzira yekugadzirisa mashandiro aya inosanganisira yekutevera mamwe matanho, sezvazviri nenhamba dzechiArabic, zvisinei, maitiro nemaverengero evaRoma Yakareba.

Pano tichatsanangura sei wedzera, bvisa, wedzera uye kupatsanura nenhamba dzeroma yekare.

Sum

Kuwedzera 2 manhamba eRoma iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera anotevera matanho:

  1. Chinja kubvisa kubvisa muzvikamu zvekuwedzera. Semuenzaniso: kubva XXIX (29) kusvika XXVIIII. Izvo hazvina basa kana tsamba ichidzokororwa kanopfuura katatu.
  2. Concatenate (Joinha) ese ari maviri manhamba. Semuenzaniso: XXIX + XIV = XXVIIII + XIIII = XXVIIIIXIIII (pano tinozviisa pamwechete).
  3. Raira mavara kubva kune akakura kusvika kudiki. Semuenzaniso: XXVIIIIXIIII = XXXVIIIIIIII.
  4. Ndokunge, nyora nemazvo tsamba nekuwedzera kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe. Semuenzaniso: XXXVVIII.
  5. Dzokorora maitiro achitevedzera mitemo yatatsanangura kusvika yakwana. Semuenzaniso: XXXVVIII → XXXXIII → XLIII.

Kubvisa

Kubvisa kuri nyore pane kuwedzera. Kuzviita, tevera anotevera matanho.

  1. Chinja kubvisa kubvisa muzvikamu zvekuwedzera. Semuenzaniso: kubva kuCCXLI (241) kuenda kuCCXXXXI. Izvo hazvina basa kana tsamba ichidzokororwa kanopfuura katatu.
  2. Bvisa mavara akajairika pakati penhamba mbiri idzi. Semuenzaniso: CCXLI - LXXXV = CCXXXXI - LXXXV = CCXI - LV.
  3. Wedzera mabhii etemu yekutanga kusvika mavara etemu yechipiri aonekwa. Semuenzaniso: CCXI - LV = CLLXI - L
  4. Dzokorora nhanho 2 ne3 kusvika temu yechipiri isina chinhu. Semuenzaniso: CLLXI - LV = CLXI - V = CLVVIni - V =
  5. Ndokunge, nyora tsamba nemazvo. Semuenzaniso: CLVI = 156. Muchiitiko ichi zvinoramba zvakafanana nekuti hapana tsamba dzinobvisa.

Kuwanza

Kuti uwedzere manhamba evaRoma unofanira kuziva wedzera ivo, uye govanisa uye wedzera nhamba dzeArabic na2.  Unofanirwawo kugadzira tafura, uchiisa nhamba yechiRoma kurudyi uye imwe kuruboshwe. Wobva watevera anotevera matanho.

Tichareva "KU" senge nhamba dziri kuruboshwe kare "B" sevaya vari kurudyi.

  1. Govanisa A ne2 uye isa iyo quotient pazasi. Semuenzaniso: 23/2 = 11.
  2. Wedzera B na2 uye isa mhedzisiro pazasi.
  3. Dzokorora nhanho 1 ne2 kusvika pakoramu yekuruboshwe (term A) iri nhamba 1.
  4. Bvisa kubva patafura mitsara yose umo iyo quotient kuruboshwe yakafanana.
  5. Wedzera kumusoro ese manhamba akasara mukoramu yekurudyi (temu B).

Ona muenzaniso wekuti ungawedzera sei maviri manhamba eRoma.

  • A = LXXVII = 77
  • (38)
  • Gumi nepfumbamwe (19)
  • ix (9)
  • IV (4)
  • II (2)
  • Ini (1)
  • B = XXXVIII = 38
  • LXXVI (76)
  • CL II (152)
  • CCCIV (304)
  • ADVIII (608)
  • MCCXVI (1216)
  • MMCDXXXII (2432)

Iye zvino tinodzima mitsara yese uko muchikamu chekuruboshwe paine nhamba yakatowanda.

  • LXXVII (77)
  • Gumi nepfumbamwe (19)
  • ix (9)
  • Ini (1)
  • (38)
  • CL II (152)
  • CCCIV (304)
  • MMCDXXXII (2432)

Iye zvino isu tinongofanirwa kuwedzera manhamba kurudyi sezvatatoita.

  • XXXVIII + CLII + CCCIV + MMCDXXXII
  • XXXVIII + CLII + CCCIII +MMCCCCXXXII (chinja kubvisa kubvisa mu mari)
  • XXXVIIICLIICCCIIIIMMCCCCXXXII (isa nhamba pamwechete)
  • MMCCCCCCCCLXXXXXXVIIIIIIIIIII (zvigadzirise kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi)
  • MMDCCCLLXVXI (gonesa nekuwedzera kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe)
  • MMDCCCCXXVI (kurerutsa nekuwedzera kubva kurudyi kuenda kuruboshwe)
  • MMCMXXVI (yekupedzisira mhedzisiro: 2926)

Chikamu

Kupatsanurwa muzviverengero zveRoma havana kubudirira, kunze kweizvozvo hapana mitemo inozivikanwa yekuvabvisa.

Chinhu chega chinozivikanwa ndechekuti iwe unofanirwa kubvisa iyo divisor kugovera kusvikira iwe wasvika pane nhamba yakaderera pane iyo disisor. Semuyenzaniso: 10/3 Pano panogovaniswa gumi uye muparadzanisi ari 10.

Izvo zvaunofanirwa kuita kuti uverenge kupatsanurwa muzviverengero zveRoma zvinotevera:

  • 10 - 3 = 7
  • 7 - 3 = 4
  • 4 - 3 = 1

Iyo yasara i1 uye iyo quotient iri 3 (nekuti takabvisa katatu). Saka mhinduro ndeye 3, zvisinei, hachisi chokwadi zvachose, kubvira 3/10 = 3 ...

Iwe unofanirwa kuita izvi zvakafanana netsamba dzeRoma uye iwe unowana mhedzisiro mune iyo nhamba system. Kuti iwe uve akajeka nezve ruzivo, tiri kuzokuratidza zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kufunga nezve idzi nhamba. Tine chokwadi chekuti nenzira iyi uchavanzwisisa zvizere.

  1. Nhamba dzeRoma vane kukosha kwekusarudzwa. Naizvozvo, zvingave zvisiri izvo kuti "VIII. Games Mitambo yeOlympic ». Chinhu chakakodzera ndeche: VIII Mitambo yeOlympic.
  2. Mavara "V, D uye L" haadzokororwi. Kune mamwe mavara anomiririra iwo manhamba, semuenzaniso, pachinzvimbo chekunyora LL, inova zana, tsamba C inoshandiswa.
  3. Nhamba zero (0) haisi mukati memanhamba echiRoma. Kureva nhamba yavakashandisa mazwi nulla, nihil kana kuti tsamba N.
  4. Chiratidzo ndinogona kungobvisa kubva paV naX.
  5. Chiratidzo X chinogona chete kubvisa kubva kuna L naC.
  6. Chiratidzo C chinogona kungobvisa kubva kuna D naM.
  7. Izvo chete zvekunyora mavara ehuwandu hweRoma mu rakadzika kuronga runyorwa rwezvinhu.

Iko kushandiswa kwehuwandu hwechiRoma kushomeka, kunyangwe kudzidza kwavo kuchikosha. Iwe unowanzovaona vakanyorwa mune inotevera kesi:

  • Mukuteedzana kwapapa, madzimambo, machinda kana madzimambo ane zita rimwechete (Henry VIII wekuEngland).
  • Kutumidza mazana emakore (XNUMXth century).
  • Kuverenga mavhoriyamu kana zvitsauko zvebhuku kana bhaisikopo (Chitsauko I).
  • Kuverenga mhemberero dzinoitwa nguva nenguva (IV Yekuvhima Mitambo).
  • Kutumidza mazita emadzinza emamwe marudzi (Iyo XVI Qing imba).

Mazuva muhuwandu hweRoma

Kunyora mazuva muzviverengero zveRoma kuri nyore chaizvo. Zvese iwe zvunofanirwa kuita kupatsanura zuva racho muzvikamu zvidiki-uye nekushandura izvo kuva manhamba evaRoma. Semuenzaniso, kana isu tichida kushandura iro zuva 01-02-2018, kana chii chakafanana, Kukadzi 1 kubva ku2018. Kutanga tinoshandura zuva, 1, anova ini, tobva tashandura mwedzi, 2, unova II, uye pakupedzisira tinoshandura gore, 2018, rinova MMXVIII.

Ipapo isu tinodzokororazve chimwe nechimwe chezvikamu kune yedu yechinyakare fomati: I-II-MMXVIII. Kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo nezve iyi maitiro, iwe unogona kutisiira isu mhinduro panoperera chinyorwa.

Maitiro ekuisa manhamba echiRoma muIzwi?

Vazhinji venyu makabvunza mubvunzo uyu uye isu tichaedza kuupindura nenzira kwayo. Chekutanga pane zvese, kana iwe uchida kunyora 1 muzviverengero zveRoma muIzwi rezwi processor, iwe unongofanirwa kunyora tsamba ini nemusoro. Kubva 1 kusvika 4000 manhamba ese anogona kumiririrwa nemavara atinowanzoshandisa. Kana iwe uchida kunyora yakakura nhamba, sa5000, unofanirwa kushandisa vincum sekutaura kwatamboita, zvatingawana nekutevera nhanho dzinotevera:

  1. Chekutanga pane zvese tinodzvanya pairi Insert -> New equation.
  2. Ipapo isu tinotsvaga yeAccent sarudzo uye sarudza iyo equation imwe bar pamusoro:nhamba dzevaroma mushoko
  3. Izvo zvatinozove nechimwe chinhu chakadai muGwaro redu reIzwi:nyora nhamba dzechiRoma neshoko
  4. Chekupedzisira, mukati mekwere tinonyora chero chatinoda kuti vinculum ive nayo. Semuenzaniso, yenhamba mazana mashanu nemakumi mashanu yatingave nayo:

5000 mumanhamba echiroma mushoko

Ready! Iwe unotoziva kunyora manhamba echiRoma muIzwi. Kune rimwe divi, kana iwe uchida rondedzero kuti ushandise manhamba echiRoma panzvimbo yenhamba dzakajairika, sarudzo inotevera inoshandiswa:

nyora ine roman nhamba izwi

Zvisinei, kana iwe uine chero mibvunzo iwe unogona kutisiira isu mhinduro pazasi uye isu tichapindura nekukurumidza sezvazvinogona.

Kudzidzira

Tevere, isu takagadzirira mashoma ekurovedza muviri kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuyedza ruzivo rwako rwemanhamba echiRoma. Unogona kuongorora zvatave kudzidza muchinyorwa zvacho pasina dambudziko, chakakosha ndechekuti iwe chengeta izvo zvekutanga uye zvakakosha 🙂 Rombo rakanaka!

4 makomenti pane "manhamba echiRoma kubva 1 kusvika 1000"

  1. Mangwanani akanaka, ndiri, ini ndiri mudzidzisi uye nhasi vechidiki havazive zvachose manhamba echiRoma.Ndinoda kuti munditumire mari inopfuura miriyoni, senge chiuru chemawadhi uye zvimwe iwoyo mubvunzo unogara uchindibvunzwa nevadzidzi. , ndinokutendai zvikuru neruzivo urwu rwakakosha

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