Iintsomi zamaGrike zenziwe yiseti yamabali amandulo eenkolelo zamaGrike, ngokukodwa impucuko yawo yamandulo ekwiMpuma yeMeditera. Enye yezona ntsomi ezaziwayo yileyo ye IHeracles, ekwabizwa ngokuba Hercules yamaRoma.
Yintoni intsomi kaHercules?
Intsomi isixelela ukuba uHeracles wayengunyana kaZeus noAlcmena. Kodwa ukuzalwa kwakhe kwakungengomphumo wothando, kuba uZeus wayezenza umyeni ka-Alcmena, owayebizwa ngokuba ngu-Host, kwaye wamkela ifom yakhe ethatha ithuba lokuba wayeye emfazweni. Ngale ndlela, waye wazala unyana kunye naye, uHeracles. Oko kuzise iziphumo ezibi ku-Heracles omncinci, njengomfazi kaZeus, zekhompyutha, emva kokufunda kwaye enomsindo sesi siganeko, wayephethe ityala lokungcungcuthekisa ubomi beHeracles okoko wayesengumntwana.
IHeracles ayenzanga wayesaziwa ngokuba nobukrelekrele obukhulu okanye ubulumko, ezona zinto wayezonwabela kakhulu yiwayini, ukutya kunye nabafazi. Wayenomsindo omkhulu, nto leyo eyamenza waphulukana nolawulo lwamandla akhe angenakulinganiswa ngalo lonke ixesha ezivumela ukuba athathwe ngumsindo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwakungathethi ukuba yonke into imbi. Ukusukela oko wazola, waya esiqonda ubunzima bezenzo zakhe kwaye wasamkela isohlwayo esimfaneleyo. Ukuzibophelela ekusebenziseni amandla abo ngelixesha lokuba isohlwayo sihlale.
Iqhawe lethu lamaGrike lalinabantwana kunye noMegara, owathi isiganeko esibi sawela phezu kwakhe. UHera, umfazi kaZeus, njengoko sele sitshilo, ukungakwazi ukoyisa uHercules kuba wayenamandla kunaye, kwamenza ukuba alahlekelwe yinkumbulo kangangexesha elithile. Ukudideka, uHeracles, wabulala inkosikazi yakhe kunye nabantwana abathathu egazini elibandayo kwaye wathi akufumana inkumbulo, wazaliswa lusizi kunye nentlungu. Ukulungisa isenzo sakhe, wavuma ukwenza imisebenzi eli-12, eyalelwa emva kokundwendwela i-Oracle yaseDelphi njengesohlwayo sezenzo zakhe.
Imisebenzi eyi-12 kaHercules
Uluhlu lwemisebenzi, imisebenzi ebiphathisiwe Hercules, ukuze ahlambulule izono zakhe kwaye amnike ubomi obungunaphakade, zezi zilandelayo:
- Yibulale Ingonyama yaseNemean
- Yibulale IHydra yaseLerna
- Faka ifayile ye Ixhama leCerinea
- Faka ifayile ye Ingulube yeErymanthus
- Coca ifayile ye- Izitali zaseAugean ngamini-nye
- Yibulale Iintaka zeStymphalia
- Faka ifayile ye ICretan Bull
- Yiba Mares kaKumkani uDiomedes
- Buyisa umbhinqo we UHippolyta, uKumkanikazi wamaAmazon
- Yiba iinkomo zerhamncwa Geryon
- Ukuba iiapile ukusuka Umyezo weHesperides
- Thatha kwaye ubuyise UCerberus, uMgcini we-Underworld
Ekugqibeleni, uHercules Wakwazi ukoyisa le misebenzi ilishumi elinambini kwaye wayifumana indawo yakhe njengegorha elikhulu kwimbali yamaGrike, kunye ne-Achilles, ngokuqinisekileyo, esiya kuyibona kwenye intsomi emfutshane yamaGrike.
IHeracles okanye iHercules?
Ukuzalwa kwakhe abazali bakhe bambiza I-Alcides imbeko kuyisemkhulu u-Alceo. Ngelo xesha uthixo uApollo walitshintsha igama lakhe laba nguHeracles, ibhaso elinikwe ukuba abe ngumkhonzi wesithixokazi uHera. AmaGrike ayemazi ngeli gama ngelixa AmaRoma ambiza ngokuba nguHercules. Kude kube ngoku uqhele ukubizwa ngokuba nguHercules, ngenxa yoko uhlala ebhaliwe kuyo yonke imbali.
Wafa njani uHercules?
Lo mlinganiswa udumileyo wayephawulwa ngokuba yindoda enomtsalane, eqinileyo kubo bonke ubuqaqawuli bakhe. Ngenxa yoku wayefuna ukuba nobudlelwane obuninzi kwaye kubo abantwana abaninzi bazalwa. Isiphumo sobomi obungenantlonelo yayikukufa kwakhe.
Ngokomxholo, uHercules wayenabafazi abane. Owokuqala yayinguMegara, lowo wayenabantwana abaliqela emva koko wabulawa ngumsindo. Akukaziwa ukuba ushiyeke ephila okanye wabulawa ngumyeni wakhe. Umfazi wesibini awatshata naye wayenaye U-Queen Omphale, emva koko baba ngamakhoboka abo, akwaziwa ukuba baphele njani.
Emva koko watshata noDeyanira, yayingumtshato wakhe wesithathu. U-Hercules kwafuneka alwe no-Achelous, uthixo womlambo ukuba abe naye. Wayengumfazi wakhe wokugqibela emhlabeni ngaphambi kokuba aye e-Olympus njengothixo. Ubomi babo babuphazamiseka xa ngesinye isihlandlo, bewela umlambo, i-centaur Nesus yanikela ukuwela uDeyanira ukuya kwelinye icala ngelixa uHercules edada.
I-centaur enobuganga yathimba umzuzu kwaye yazama ukumthimba. Le ntshukumo imcaphukisayo umyeni wakhe kangangokuba akazange athandabuze ukudubula uNessus ngotolo olunetyhefu egazini le-hydra Lerna. Oku kwafika emzimbeni wakhe kwaye wambulala. Kwiintlungu zakhe Waqhatha uDeyanira omhle ngomgibe ombi ukuze aziphindezele kuHercules.
UNeso wenza uDeyanira ukuba athathe inxaxheba yegazi lakhe ngobuxoki bokuba iyakuthintela umyeni wakhe ukuba angaqapheli omnye umfazi. Kuya kufuneka ayigalele ngaphezulu kweempahla zakhe kwaye naye abe naye. Nangona kunjalo, inyani yayahlukile, kuba yayiyityhefu ebulalayo eyayinokutshisa ulusu lwayo nangomnwe omncinci.
Yile ndlela abamsulwa ngayo abantu abamsulwa uDeyanira engazi. U-Hercules wazama ukumisa umphumo wetyhefu ebulalayo kwaye akakwazanga. Xa wafa, oothixo Olympus wamnika ukungafi ngokupheleleyo. Kubomi bakhe obutsha watshata noHee, umfazi wakhe wesine.
Ukuba uyithandile le ntsomi ifihlakeleyo yamaGrike kaHercules, ungandwendwela iwebhusayithi yethu yonke, apho sinenani elikhulu leentsomi zamaGrike zabo bonke oothixo namagorha eentsomi zamaGrike. Ukuba unemibuzo ethile okanye iintsomi ofuna ukuzibona ngokweenkcukacha, nceda usishiyele izimvo kwaye siza kuzama ukukunceda.
