Iintsomi zaseNorse

Umhlaba oMtsha yinoveli eyintsomi ebhalwe ngoyena mbhali uthengisa kakhulu waseBritane, uEckhart Tolle. Ipapashwe ngo-2005, le noveli ilandela umlinganiswa ogama linguAdam, oqalisa uhambo lokomoya lokufumana eyona njongo yakhe yobomi. Njengoko uhambo lwakhe luqhubela phambili, uAdam udibana nabafundisi bokomoya kunye nezikhokelo ezimnceda ukuba aqonde imigaqo yobukho bomntu kunye nendlela anokufikelela ngayo kwimeko ephezulu yokuqonda.

Le noveli iphonononga imixholo enjengothando olungagungqiyo, uxolelo, inkululeko yangaphakathi, kunye nokuvuka ngokomoya. Ibhalwe kwimbono engeyiyo eyenkolo kwaye inika izixhobo ezisebenzayo ukunceda umfundi ukuba afumane indlela yakhe yokukhanya. Ibali linokuqonda kwaye liyakhuthaza, linemizekelo emininzi yendlela imigaqo yokomoya enokusetyenziswa ngayo ukuphucula ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Le ncwadi ikwaqulathe izicatshulwa ezininzi zombongo ezibonisa izimvo zombhali ngentsingiselo enzulu yobukho bomntu.

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I-Twilight of the Gods yifilimu yaseJamani ka-1950 ekhokelwa ngumlawuli waseJamani, uFW Murnau. Isekelwe kwinoveli engaziwa ebhalwe nguThomas Mann kwaye yidrama yengqondo ephonononga ungquzulwano lwangaphakathi phakathi komnqweno womntu kunye nokuziphatha okwamkelekileyo eluntwini. Ifilimu ilandela uHans (Mathias Wieman), i-aristocrat eselula ethandana noLola (uLilian Harvey), umdanisi we-cabaret, kwaye ulwa nosapho lwakhe ukuze atshate naye. Njengoko ibali liqhubeka, sibona indlela abalinganiswa abaphambili abalwa ngayo needemon zabo zangaphakathi njengoko bezama ukufumana indlela yabo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. I-Twilight of the Gods ithathwa njengeyona nto yakudala ye-cinema yaseJamani kwaye yatyunjelwa i-Oscar ye-Best Adapted Screenplay ngo-1951. yobuThixo.

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Isohlwayo sikaLoki ngumdlalo webhodi wabadlali ababini obekwe kwiintsomi zaseNorse. Injongo yomdlalo kukuba ngowokuqala ukoyisa izikumkani ezisithoba zaseMidgard. Abadlali bathatha indima yoothixo baseNorse kwaye basebenzise amandla abo ukugaya amaqhawe, ukwakha iinqaba, kunye nokulwa imikhosi yomnye nomnye.

Umdlali ngamnye uqala ngebhodi yakhe enamakhadi amathandathu, ngalinye limele uthixo owahlukileyo wamaNorse. La makhadi anezakhono ezizodwa ezinokusetyenziswa ngabadlali ukuze bazuze ngexesha lomdlalo. Abadlali bakwanikwa isixa esilinganiselweyo sezixhobo abanokuthi basebenzise ukugaya amaqhawe, ukwakha iinqaba, kunye nokulwa imikhosi yomnye nomnye.

Ngexesha lomdlalo, abadlali bayatshintshana ngokuhambisa imikhosi yabo kwiMidgard kwaye boyise izikumkani njengoko umdlalo uqhubeka. Ngalo lonke ixesha ubukumkani buthi boyiswa, ophumeleleyo ufumana amanqaku ongezelelweyo kunye nezixhobo zokubanceda baqhubeke nephulo labo lomkhosi de uloyiso lokugqibela lufunyenwe. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka bakhusele imikhosi yotshaba njengoko bezama ukusasaza impembelelo yabo kuyo yonke iMidgard ngaphambi kokuba umchasi wabo enze kuqala.

Isishwankathelo, Isohlwayo sikaLoki ngumdlalo weqhinga olonwabisayo onezinto ezibalisayo ezisekwe kwintsomi yaseNorse eya kukugcina ukonwabisa iiyure njengoko uzama ukuba ngowokuqala ukoyisa iiRealms eziliThoba zeMidgard ngaphambi kokuba umchasi wakho enze kuqala.

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Umthendeleko wezithixo ngumzobo wobugcisa weRenaissance weItali owenziwe ngumzobi weFlorentine uSandro Botticelli phakathi kuka-1482 kunye no-1483. Ibekwe kwiGalari yaseUffizi eFlorence, eItali. Ipeyintwe ngeoli kwiseyile kwaye ilinganisa malunga neemitha ezi-5 nge-3 yeemitha. Umsebenzi umele isiqendu sombongo we-Epic Odyssey, obhalwe nguHomer ngenkulungwane yesi-XNUMX BC. C., echaza isidlo esenziwa ngoothixo abangafiyo ukuze babhiyozele ukoyisa kuka-Achilles uTroy.

Kulo msebenzi, oothixo banokubonwa behlanganisene kwisidlo esikhulu e-Olympus, behleli kwiitrone zegolide kwaye bejikelezwe ngamakholomu anqabileyo kunye nee-arches. Abalinganiswa abaphambili baquka uZeyus (uyise wabo bonke oothixo), uHera (umfazi kaZeyus), uPoseidon (uthixo wolwandle), noAphrodite (uthixokazi wothando). Imvelaphi yenziwe ngeendawo zendalo ezifana neentaba, imilambo kunye namahlathi ajikeleze i-Olympus. Lo mzobo unamanani ahlukeneyo asentsomini anje ngecentaurs, mermaids, kunye nehashe elinamaphiko iPegasus elibhabha ngaphezulu kwamafu.

UMthendeleko wezithixo uthathwa njengomzekelo ogqibeleleyo wesitayile sobugcisa seRenaissance yaseItali ephawulwa ngobunyani bayo obuneenkcukacha, imibala eqaqambileyo, kunye nokwakheka okulinganayo. Izaliswe sisimboli senkolo kunye nembali ebonisa inkcubeko yamandulo yamaGrike kunye neenkolelo zobuKristu zamandulo zaseYurophu. Umsebenzi uye waba ngumqondiso weFlorence kangangeenkulungwane ngenxa yobuhle bayo obukhethekileyo kunye nobuhle obungenasiphelo obuye waphefumlela izizukulwana ezilandelayo ukuya namhlanje.

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Ukuloba ngeeNyoka yindlela yakudala yokuloba esukela kumaxesha angaphambili. Isenziwa kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kuMzantsi Asia nakuMzantsi Pasifiki. Olu hlobo lokuloba lwenziwa nge-harpoon okanye i-gaff, kwaye lusetyenziselwa ukubamba iintlanzi ezinkulu ezifana nookrebe, imitha, kunye neenyoka zolwandle.

Ukuloba ngeenyoka ngumdlalo oyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba abalobi basesichengeni sokuhlaselwa ziinyoka zolwandle. Iinyoka zaselwandle zizidalwa ezinobuhlungu nezinoburhalarhume ezinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuba ziyahlaselwa okanye zonzakele. Ngoko ke, abalobi bee-angle kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo okhuseleko xa beqhuba lo mdlalo ukuphepha nayiphi na ingozi okanye ityhefu.

Ukongeza kumngcipheko wendalo wokuziqhelanisa nalo mdlalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe phambi kokuba uqalise uhambo lokuLoba iNyoka. Izixhobo ezifunekayo ziquka iihapuni ezinomthwalo onzima, iminatha enzima, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokuhamba emanzini anzulu, arhabaxa apho kuhlala iinyoka zolwandle. Kukwabalulekile ukuba nesibaso esaneleyo sohambo njengoko kuthintelwe ukuhamba ngesikhephe ebusuku ngenxa yengozi enokuba yingozi ebandakanyekayo.

Okokugqibela, ukuLoba ngeeNyoka kufuna uqeqesho oluninzi lwangaphambili njengoko abalobi kufuneka bakulungele ukulawula izikhephe zabo ngokuchanekileyo xa bekufutshane neendawo apho kuhlala iinyoka zaselwandle kwaye bafunde ngemikhwa yabo yendalo kunye nokuziphatha kwabo phantsi kwamanzi.

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U-Odin noVafthrudnir ngamadoda amabini abalulekileyo kwiintsomi zaseNorse. U-Odin unkulunkulu oyintloko woothixo baseNorse, owaziwa ngokuba nguyise wabo bonke oothixo kunye namandla okudala emva kwehlabathi. Ungumntu wasentsomini onamandla onke, okhoyo kwindawo yonke kwaye owazi konke olawula kwitrone yakhe e-Asgard. U-Odin ungumlingiswa onzima kakhulu, kubalandeli bakhe kunye nabachasi bakhe. Inxulunyaniswa nobulumko, ulwazi, umlingo, imfazwe, nohambo lokomoya.

I-Vafthrudnir yingxilimbela yasentsomini ebonakala kumabali amaninzi amaNorse amadala. Kuthiwa wayenobulumko njengo-Odin ngokwakhe kwaye ezininzi izinto ezimangalisayo zibangelwa kuye. Kwezinye iinguqulelo zamabali amandulo ngaye, uVafthrudnir wacelwa umngeni ngu-Odin kukhuphiswano lobulumko apho abo babini babefanele baphendule imibuzo enzima malunga nexesha elidlulileyo nekamva lehlabathi. Nangona kungekho mvumelwano malunga nokuba ngubani ophumelele lo mncintiswano phakathi kwezidalwa ezimbini zikaThixo, ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba uVafthrudnir wabonwa njengomdlalo ofanelekileyo we-Odin kwiinkulungwane ezininzi emva kokubonakala kwakhe okokuqala kumabali amandulo aseNorse.

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Ukufa kukaBalder lelinye lawona mabali aziwayo kwaye abuhlungu kakhulu kwimbali yamandulo yaseNorse. Le ntsomi ibalisa ibali likaBalder, unyana wothixo u-Odin kunye nothixokazi uFrigg. U-Balder wayengunkulunkulu othandwa kakhulu ngabanye oothixo, kwaye wayebhekwa njengoyena mhle kakhulu, unomusa, nosisilumko phakathi kwabo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenye imini umama wakhe waphupha i-premonitory apho wabona unyana wakhe ofileyo. UFrigg ke waya kuzo zonke iziqalelo zendalo ukubacela ukuba bangamlimazi unyana wakhe; phofu ke ulibele kukubuza moss lo nto. Oku kushiyiwa kuya kuba yingozi kuBalder.

Okwangoku, uLoki - uThixo weNkohliso - wafumanisa oku kushiywa kwaye wagqiba ekubeni asebenzise ukubulala uBalder. Wazenza ixhego elinguThokk waza wenza isifungo sobuxoki ethembisa ukuba akayi kukhalela ukufa kukaBalder ukuba wayenokufa. Beqinisekile ngesi sifungo sobuxoki, abanye oothixo bavumela ukuba kwenziwe isiko apho zonke izakhi kwakufuneka ziphose into ethile kuBalder ukubonisa ukungafi kwakhe; nangona kunjalo uLoki waphosa i-moss kuye, eyabangela ukufa kwakhe kwangoko.

Abanye oothixo baba buhlungu ngenxa yale ntlekele; kodwa uLoki wakwazi ukubaleka ngenxa yezakhono zakhe zokukhohlisa kunye nobuqili bobuqili. Ukufa kukaBalder kuthathwa njengophawu olubi lwekamva lomntu: kwanabo banezipho ezikhulu banokuba lixhoba lobuqhetseba kunye nokungcatshwa kwabantu.

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IHermod kunye neGqirha luhambo lokuzicingela oluphuhliswe yiNkampani ye-Adventure yePC. Isetwe kwiintsomi zaseNorse, kunye noHermod njengoyena mlinganiswa oyintloko. Umdlalo ulandela ibali likaHermod, igorha eliselula leViking elithatha uhambo olunzima lokusindisa umntakwabo kumthakathi ongendawo uLoki.

Ngexesha lohambo lwakhe, uHermod kufuneka anqumle kumhlaba waseScandinavia ngelixa esilwa nezilo eziyingozi ezihlala mbombo zonke. Endleleni yakhe, uya kufumana izixhobo zakudala kunye nezinto zomlingo eziya kumnceda ukuba oyise umkhafuli kwaye ahlangule umntakwabo. Umdlali kuya kufuneka asebenzise izakhono zokulwa ukuze oyise iintshaba zakhe kunye nokusombulula iipuzzle ukuze aqhubele phambili nomdlalo.

Umdlalo ubonelela ngemizobo emangalisayo eneenkcukacha zokwenyani zokusingqongileyo zaseScandinavia kunye neepopayi ezigudileyo ngexesha leemfazwe. Kwakhona, kukho iindlela ezininzi zabadlali abaninzi ezikhoyo kwabo bafuna ukwabelana ngamava nabahlobo okanye usapho. Ngamafutshane, uHermod kunye ne-Sercerer yinto enkulu ye-adventure-adventure egcwele imincili kunye nomdla kubo bonke abathanda uhlobo.

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