Isingeniso Sezenzo zesiShayina
IsiShayina siwulimi lapho izenzo zingashintshi isimo ngokuphathelene nesikhathi, umuntu, noma inombolo, njengoba kwenzeka ezilimini zaseNtshonalanga. Kunalokho, izenzo zesiShayina zisetshenziswa ekuhlanganiseni okulula okwakhiwe kanye namagama ayisizayo nezinye izinhlayiya zohlelo lolimi. Kulesi sigaba, sizogxila ezenzweni eziyisisekelo zesiShayina kanye nemithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlanganisa izenzo.
Isici esibalulekile sokwazi isiShayina njengolimi luhlanganisa izinombolo zokufunda nendlela yokuzibiza ngesiShayina ngefonetiki yazo. Okulandelayo izinombolo ezisuka ku-1 kuye ku-10 ku-一 (yī), 二 (èr), 三 (sān), 四 (sì), 五 (wǔ), 六 (liù), 七 (qī), 八 (bā ), 九(jiǔ) kanye no-十 (shí).
Izenzo ezibalulekile zesiShayina nezincazelo zazo
- 是 (shì) - ukuba, ukuba
- 有 (yǒu) - ukuba, ukuba nempahla
- 去 (qù) – ukuya, ukuhamba
- 来 (lái) - ukuza, ukufika
- 能 (néng) - ukukwazi, ukukwazi
- 要 (yào) - funa, dinga, kufanele
- 吃 (chī) - ukudla
- 喝 (hē) - ukuphuza
- 学 (xué) - funda, funda
- 做 (zuò) - ukwenza, ukusebenza
Ngasinye salezi senzo sidlala indima ebalulekile ku ukuxhumana kwansuku zonke nezimo zansuku zonke, ngakho kubalulekile ukuwazi kahle ukuze ukhulume isiShayina kahle.
Imithetho Yokuhlanganisa Isenzo ngesiShayina
NgesiShayina, ukuhlanganiswa kwesenzo kulula kunezinye izilimi ezifana neSpanishi noma isiNgisi. Lokhu kubalula kungenxa yokuthi izenzo zesiShayina ungashintshi ifomu ngokuya kwesikhathi, umuntu noma inombolo.
Nansi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuhlanganisa izenzo ngesiShayina:
1. Amafomu esenzo awashintshi kuye ngesihloko sawo.
2. Ukuphika kuvezwa ngezinhlayiyana ezinjengokuthi 不 (bù) noma 没 (méi).
3. Izikhathi zesenzo zivezwa ngamagama ayizilekeleli anjengokuthi 了 (le), 过 (guò) noma 着 (zhe).
4. Isici siboniswa yizinhlayiya ezifana no-在 (zài) noma 着 (zhe).
5. Imodi iboniswa ngamagama ayisiza afana no-会 (huì), 能 (néng) noma 可以 (kěyǐ).
Ngokusebenzisa le mithetho eyisisekelo, ungaqala ukwakha imisho yesiShayina elula ngezenzo ezibalulekile ezihlukene.
Izibonelo Zokusetshenziswa Zezenzo Ezibalulekile ngesiShayina
Ake sibone ukuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani izenzo ezibalulekile ezishiwo ngenhla emishweni elula:
- 我是学生。 (Wǒ shì xuéshēng.) – Ngingumfundi.
- 我們有时间。 (Wǒmen yǒu shíjiān.) – Sinesikhathi.
- 他去北京。 (Tā qù Běijīng.) – Uya eBeijing.
- 她來自中国。 (Tā lái zì Zhōngguó.) – Uvela e-China.
- 你能说英语吗？ (Nǐ néng shuō Yīngyǔ ma?) – Ungakwazi ukukhuluma isiNgisi?
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa indlela izenzo ezibalulekile zesiShayina ezihlanganiswe ngayo nezinhlayiya zohlelo lolimi namagama ayizisekelo ukuze kwakhe imisho ephelele nenengqondo.
Ukuzijwayeza nokusebenzisa izenzo ezibalulekile
Ukuze ukhulume isiShayina njengomdabu, kubalulekile ukuthi uzilolonge futhi usebenzise lezi zenzo ezibalulekile ezimweni zangempela. Amanye amasu okuthuthukisa ukuphatha kwakho izenzo ezibalulekile ngesiShayina ahlanganisa:
1. Funda imishwana ewusizo nemisho equkethe izenzo ezibalulekile.
2. Zijwayeze ukuhlanganisa izenzo ezibalulekile ngokulandela imithetho yokuhlanganisa eshiwo ngenhla.
3. Bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zesiShayina nezikhulumi zomdabu noma ofunda nabo.
4. Funda izinsiza ezengeziwe, njengezincwadi zokufunda, okulalelwayo, namavidiyo, agxile ekusetshenzisweni kwezenzo ezibalulekile zesiShayina.
Amakhono nolwazi olutholwe ngalawa ma-internship azokwenza ukwazi zulazula kalula ezimweni zansuku zonke futhi ukhulume isiShayina ngokuzethemba nangokushelelayo.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwazi izenzo ezibalulekile nemithetho yokuhlanganisa ngesiShayina kuthatha isikhathi nokuzinikela. Ukubekezela nokuzijwayeza njalo kwakha isisekelo sokukhuluma isiShayina njengomdabu futhi siqonde izinto ezicashile nezicashile. Ukufunda okujabulisayo!
